Art of Barefoot African Dancer in Red Dress the Dancer

Common term for the country of not wearing any footwear

Barefoot person leaving footprints behind.

Barefoot woman wearing cultural anklet, denoting her marital condition in traditional Indian civilization

Barefoot is the most common term for the state of not wearing whatsoever footwear.

There are wellness benefits and some risks associated with going barefoot. Shoes, while they offer protection, can limit the flexibility, strength, and mobility of the pes and tin lead to higher incidences of flexible apartment pes, bunions, hammer toe, and Morton's neuroma. Walking and running barefoot results in a more natural gait, allowing for a more rocking movement of the foot, eliminating the hard heel strike and generating less collision force in the foot and lower leg.^{[1] [2]}

There are many sports that are performed barefoot, most notably gymnastics and martial arts, merely also beach volleyball, swimming, barefoot running, barefoot hiking, and water skiing. Certain situations can still determine people to be barefoot against their will mainly for reasons of precaution, identification or penalty.

Historical and religious aspects [edit]

Ancient Olympic discus thrower

Athletes in the Ancient Olympic Games participated barefoot and generally unclothed.^[iii]

The Romans, who eventually conquered the Greeks and adopted many aspects of their civilisation, did non adopt the Greek perception of footwear and clothing. Roman clothing explicitly including footwear was seen equally a sign of power and every bit a necessity of living in a civilized world; accordingly slaves ordinarily were to remain barefoot.^[four]

During the Middle Ages, going barefoot was seen as a mark of poverty and the everyman social class, every bit well equally being the mark of a prisoner.^[four]

The phrase barefoot and meaning is now used to illustrate a woman's traditional role as a homemaker and thus her lack of opportunities to socialize or to accept a career exterior of the domicile.^[five] It was beginning used in the early 20th century^{[vi] [7]}

Religious aspects [edit]

In most religions, the exposure of blank feet is regarded every bit a sign of humility and subjection. Some religious practitioners have taken a vow of Gospel poverty, while there are sure convents where going barefoot is obligatory (Convent of Las Descalzas Reales, Poor Clares, Colettine Poor Clares).^{[ citation needed ]} Going barefoot generally symbolizes poverty.^[viii] It is customary in Judaism and some Christian denominations to get barefoot while mourning.^[viii] Some Christian churches practise barefoot pilgrimage traditions, such as the rise of Croagh Patrick in Republic of ireland at night while barefoot.^[9]

In many religions, information technology is common to remove shoes when entering a place considered holy. For example, in the Book of Exodus, Moses was instructed to remove his shoes before approaching the burning bush:

Put off thy shoes from off thy anxiety, for the place whereon thou standest [is] holy footing (Exodus 3:5).

Anyone entering a mosque or a Hindu temple, including a visitor, is expected to remove his or her shoes; racks for the storage of shoes are usually provided at the entrance.^{[ citation needed ]}

Pes washing, or ceremonial washing of others' feet, is associated with humility in Christianity, and Jesus Christ is recorded in the New Testament as washing the feet of his disciples to serve them during the Final Supper. Christians who practice foot washing today do so to bring them closer to Jesus and to fill up them with a sense of humility and service. Roman Catholics show their respect and humility for the Pope by kissing his anxiety. In a similar manner, Hindus show dear and respect to a guru by touching his bare feet (called pranam). Information technology is customary to show 1'southward respect by walking barefoot around Raj Ghat, the monument to Mahatma Gandhi.^[8] Both U.s. President George W. Bush and Pope John Paul II paid him this honour.^[ten] During the Imperial Japanese period, removing one's shoes in the presence of a person of higher status was a sign of showing one'south ain humility, subordination, and respect towards their status.^[8]

Christian congregations of men and women that get entirely barefoot or clothing sandals include the Discalced, like the Discalced Carmelites (1568), the Feuillants (Cistercians, 1575), the Trinitarians (1594), the Mercedarians (1604), and the Passionists.^{[ citation needed ]}

In many branches of Romani culture across the world, it is traditional for women to trip the light fantastic barefoot.^{[ citation needed ]}

Barefoot customs by country [edit]

Australia [edit]

It is mutual for Australians, peculiarly immature people, to exist barefoot in public places, especially during summer.^[11]

Barefoot walking, known as "earthing", has been used past the Australian cricket team to "capture positive free energy coming out of the world."^[12]

India [edit]

In Indian culture, in many an instance, being barefoot has a cultural significance. For example, it is customary to remove footwear when inbound a domicile or a temple and then equally shoes are considered impure. Indians besides traditionally sit down on the flooring when eating meals equally opposed to at a dining table, which would normally entail taking off footwear.^{[13] [xiv]}

New Zealand [edit]

In 2012, a travel writer for The New York Times wrote the number of New Zealanders barefoot in public, including shops was "hit".^[15] In 2014, Air New Zealand was subject field of disquisitional attention later on allegedly forcing a customer to wear shoes.^[16]

S Africa [edit]

In South Africa barefoot walking in public is part of the predominantly white Afrikaans speaking civilization, although English speaking people too oft walk barefoot in public, especially in the summer months and in cities such as Cape Boondocks. The National Guidelines on School Uniform listing shoes as an optional item^[17] while the Draft Guidelines state "Pupils, particularly in lower grades, should also exist permitted to attend without shoes in hot weather". Nigh children attend school barefoot. In many schools, the clothes codes either encourage kids to attend school barefoot or prefer kids to attend school barefoot, especially in the summertime months. Some Southward African schools take sport uniforms where bare feet are compulsory, such equally primary schoolhouse rugby. Another sport where bare feet for kids are compulsory is "tou expedition" or tug of war, sometimes school play and sports days barefeet are compulsory. Beingness barefoot in public is generally tolerated. In Due south African shopping malls, stores, and events, it is not an uncommon sight to see barefoot adults, kids and specially teenagers and young adults.

U.s.a. [edit]

In some parts of the United States, where taboos against barefoot walking are strong,^{[ commendation needed ]} it is mutual for people to wearable the aforementioned shoes indoors and outdoors, and for guests to keep their shoes on when visiting other people'south houses.^{[ citation needed ]} Youngstown, Ohio, actually had an ordinance prohibiting barefooting until it was struck downwardly equally unconstitutional.^[eighteen] However, in the early on 18th to 20th century, many children in rural areas of America often went barefoot due to poverty.^{[ citation needed ]} Many stores, restaurants, and other public venues in the United States employ clothes codes prohibiting blank anxiety.^{[ citation needed ]} While private business owners are free to fix their own policies, many cite different health regulations, though these typically are occupational safety requirements that pertain to employees only.^{[ citation needed ]}

Slave codes [edit]

It has been a standard characteristic for mutual citizens in civil societies to wear shoes ever since ancient times. On the contrary slave codes often included that slaves had to remain barefoot as a matter of principle. For example, the Cape Town slave lawmaking stated that "Slaves must get barefoot and must carry passes".^[19] This was the instance in the bulk of states that abolished slavery subsequently in history, equally nigh images from the respective historical period propose that slaves were barefoot.^[20] To quote Brother Riemer (1779): "[the slaves] are, even in their about cute conform, obliged to get barefoot. Slaves were forbidden to wear shoes. This was a prime marking of distinction between the gratis and the bonded and no exceptions were permitted."^[21]

Shoes have been regarded as signs of empowerment and badges of freedom since early human history. Going barefoot, on the other hand, showcased a very low social status, often beingness an unfree person. Using the meaning of shoes to display a respectable social status and authorization, people accept sometimes been issued with footwear fifty-fifty ceremonially. This aspect is mentioned in the Bible, the Parable of the Dissipated Son quotes: "But the male parent said to his servants, Bring forth the all-time robe, and put [it] on him; and put a ring on his hand, and shoes on [his] feet (Luke 15:22)".
Forcing individuals to go barefoot by taking away their footwear and preventing or banning shoes from being worn therefore has the reversed significant. While the standard class of appearance commonly includes footwear every bit a standard characteristic, the imagery of blank feet is oft used to brandish submission, subjugation or dependence, in certain contexts likewise being disarmed or disempowered.
This detail has become an informal and sometimes even formal police force in societies practicing slavery in present and past. A barefooted individual could be unmistakably identified as unfree and be attributed with the lowest social status at first sight, being either a slave or a prisoner. As a event appearing barefoot in public was strictly avoided by mutual citizens.
In many states this perception is prevalent to this twenty-four hour period and shoes are typically also worn in the private space while being barefoot is placed nether taboo (see above).

In societies where slavery is withal unofficially skilful this rule pertains to this day. For example, the Tuareg are known notwithstanding to practice slavery and forcefulness their slaves to go barefoot.^[22]

Inquisition and witch trials [edit]

Barefoot prisoner of the inquisition, Edouard Moyse L'inquisition

During the era of the Catholic Inquisition it was a conviction that women allegedly practicing witchcraft had their power to use their "sinister powers" largely impaired if they were barefoot. Arrested women first had their footwear taken abroad and it was ensured that they remained barefoot at all times. Due to interpretations of the Malleus Maleficarum it was believed that in case an accused witch was not strictly kept with bare feet she could cast a spell on people past merely looking at them. Equally the prosecutors wanted to avoid whatever risks, it was ensured that the bare feet of the women remained visible throughout. During questioning or in courtroom, the defendant women oft had to stand within the boundaries of a consecrated spot with the soles of their bare feet constantly being in contact with the sanctified department of the ground. This was believed to inhibit any of their purported magic powers entirely. The women were prevented from fifty-fifty looking at the prosecutors when their feet were not strictly in place. To further ensure condom they were oftentimes led in walking backwards for their court sessions. They were not immune to turn around until their bare anxiety were visibly placed within the bounded spot. As the defendant women were not able use magic later all, this assumption became accepted doctrine. Accordingly, contemporary depictions about inquisition proceedings or similar situations portray the women accused of witchcraft barefooted in well-nigh every case.^[23]

Corporal punishment [edit]

Demonstration of "bastinado"

The soles of a barefoot person also serve every bit a specific target for corporal punishment, commonly referred to as "bastinado" (human foot whipping). This method is mainly used in the context of penal functions while the receiving person is ordinarily held in a situation of imprisonment or custody.

The practise of foot whipping is notwithstanding officially employed in several Middle Eastern nations where the term falaka is customary. This kind of beating was also frequently practiced in Western countries until the eye of the 20th century, where information technology is generally referred to as "Bastonade". Amid others, it was common in German territories, where it was employed until the end of the Nazi-era, mainly inside the reformatory and prison arrangement. In sure facilities it continued to be used up until the 1950s.^{[24] [25] [26] [27]}

The beatings are usually aimed at the vaults of the foot, not direct hitting the bone structure of the balls and the heels. The vaults are highly pain-sensitive due to the tight clustering of nerve tissue in that area.

As bastinado usually causes a high amount of suffering for the receiving person while physical testify remains mostly undetectable after a sure time, it is frequently used for interrogation purposes in sure countries as well.^[28]

Arts and entertainment [edit]

Many singers and dancers perform on phase barefoot. The classical dance of Kingdom of cambodia had its roots in the holy dances of the legendary seductresses (apsaras) of ancient Cambodia and attained its loftier bespeak during the Angkor period in its interpretations of the Indian epics, especially the Ramayana. Cambodian dancers were well-built-in women of the male monarch's harem and danced barefoot, with the feet turned outwards and the legs slightly bent at the knee to absorber the movements of the upper body. The unimpeded movement of the foot was essential to the fine art. When the land was invaded by the Thai, the dancers were taken to the Thai court, where their art was adjusted and continued to flourish.^{[29] [30]}

The barefoot dance movement of the early 20th century challenged the received laws of classical dance and the broader laws of social decorum. For decades, the bare foot had been perceived as obscene, and no matter how determined barefoot dancers were to validate their fine art with reference to spiritual, artistic, celebrated, and organic concepts, barefoot dancing was inextricably linked in the public mind with indecency and sexual taboo. In 1908, Maud Allan shocked and fascinated London theatre-goers with her barefoot dance of desire in Salome, and scandalous tributes positioned her as the embodiment of lust. For many, barefoot dancing represented not only the liberty and horror of modern sexuality but the progress and decline of high culture.^[31]

Dancer Isadora Duncan performing barefoot during her 1915–xviii American tour

Californian Isadora Duncan revolutionized dance in the Western earth by jettisoning the tutu and the pointe shoe of classical ballet and scandalized audiences past performing works of her own choreography in flowing draperies and bare feet. She anticipated the modern women's liberation movement by urging women to rid themselves of corsets and matrimony.^[32] Duncan divorced the blank human foot from perceptions of obscenity and fabricated a witting effort to link barefoot dancing to ethics such as "nudity, childhood, the idyllic past, flowing lines, health, nobility, ease, freedom, simplicity, lodge, and harmony". She believed her utopian dance vision and program would ameliorate the perceived ills of modern life and restore the earth to the imagined perfection of Ancient Greece.^[31]

The 1954 film The Barefoot Contessa tells the fictional story of Maria Vargas (portrayed by Ava Gardner), a Spanish cabaret dancer of uncomplicated origins who oftentimes went barefoot. She was cast in a pic by author and director Harry Dawes (portrayed past Humphrey Bogart) and became a major star. In 1978, Ina Garten purchased a specialty nutrient store in The Hamptons named Barefoot Contessa, subsequently the picture. She liked the name because it went well with her simple and elegant cooking style. She sold the shop in 1999 and wrote her first book, The Barefoot Contessa Cookbook, which became ane of the best-selling cookbooks of the yr. She would go along to write more cookbooks and, in 2002, started production of a boob tube show on the Food Network, besides named the Barefoot Contessa, which continues to run.^[33]

In the latter half of the 20th century, many singers, primarily females, have performed barefoot, a trend that continues in the early 21st century. One of the first singers to become well known for singing barefoot on stage was Sandie Shaw, who became known every bit the "Barefoot Pop Princess of the 1960s".^[34] Jimmy Buffett is known for performing barefoot at concerts, promoting an island/embankment bum lifestyle.^[35] Cesária Évora of Cape Verde was known as the "Barefoot Diva" for her habit of performing without shoes.^[36]

At the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival, some attendees become barefoot on the grass ground, sometimes for fashion. Celebrities who have went barefoot at the festival include Vanessa Hudgens,^[37] Gigi Hadid,^[38] Ashley Benson,^[39] Alessandra Ambrosio^[40] and Isabel Lucas.^[41]

Health implications [edit]

(Left–B) plaster cast of an adult foot that has never worn shoes displaying natural splayed toes (Right–A) bandage of male child showing damage and inward-turned toes after wearing shoes for but a few weeks

At that place are risks and benefits associated with going barefoot. Footwear provides some protection from puncture wounds from glass, nails, rocks, or thorns equally well every bit abrasions, bruises, heat burns, electrical daze, and frostbite—but studies of people who habitually walk barefoot have consistently found that these problems are minimal, with merely about 0.89% of barefoot people having any kind of human foot complaint linked to walking barefoot (including temporary weather condition such as abrasions) or having the tops of the feet uncovered.^{[ citation needed ]} Feet that have never worn shoes rarely exhibit bug such as bunions, corns, and "fallen arches",^{[42] [43]} are not prone to more than ordinary foot eversion on continuing and walking due to the associated weakness or stiffness of the joints of the foot and weakness of the muscles controlling them,^[44] as well as having a much reduced incidence of problems such every bit callouses.^[45]

Walking barefoot results in a more natural gait. People who are used to walking barefoot tend to state less forcefully, eliminating the hard heel strike and generating much less standoff force in the foot and lower leg.^[46] A 2006 study found that shoes may increase stress on the human knee and ankle, and suggested that adults who walked barefoot may have a lower rate of osteoarthritis,^[47] although more study is required to elucidate the factors that distribute loads in shod and barefoot walking. A 2007 study examined 180 modernistic humans and compared their feet with ii,000-year-old skeletons. They concluded that, before the invention of shoes, humans overall had healthier feet.^[46] A 1991 study plant that children who wore shoes were three times more than likely to have flat feet than those who did not, and suggested that wearing shoes in early childhood can exist detrimental to the longitudinal curvation of the human foot.^[42] Children who habitually get barefoot were found to take stronger feet, with better flexibility and mobility, fewer deformities like apartment anxiety or toes that curve inwards, and fewer complaints.^[48] Walking barefoot enables a more natural gait, eliminating the hard heel strike and instead, allowing for a rocking motion of the foot from heel to toe.^[46] Similarly, barefoot running usually involves an initial forefoot strike, instead of on the rear of the human foot, generating smaller standoff forces.^[1]

Since there is no artificial protection of the bare foot, some of the possible issues include cuts, abrasions, bruises, or puncture wounds from glass, nails, rocks, or thorns, too as poisonous plants, animals, or parasites that tin enter the body through the cuts on an injured bare human foot.^[49] In people who are non habitually barefoot, athlete'south foot is spread by fungal spores coming into contact with skin that has been weakened and made moist. The fungus is known to only affect around 0.75% of habitually barefoot people in one report and can be prevented by reducing shoe utilize and keeping the feet dry, particularly after walking through a clammy environment where people communally walk barefoot as the fungus simply develops under the correct conditions, such as when people fail to properly dry out their anxiety after swimming or showering and so put on shoes. Wearing shoes such every bit flip flops or sandals in these areas can reduce the take a chance.^[50] As such, the fungus is very unlikely to develop on a person who goes barefoot all the time.

The hookworm parasite, found only in warm, moist climates where human feces contaminated with hookworm larvae has been left in places where it might come into contact with human skin, can burrow through a blank man foot (or whatsoever function of the trunk that comes into contact with information technology).^[51] However, as the parasite tends to occur mainly in mud and cesspools, its spread cannot be stopped by most standard shoes^{[ citation needed ]} since the larvae tin penetrate fabric and pocket-size holes. The parasite may spread through contaminated textile coming into contact with whatsoever function of the body, such as through flecks of mud splashing on an ankle or leg.^[52] The hookworm parasite is relatively mild, has few symptoms, and can laissez passer completely unnoticed when the infestation level is low enough. Since the hookworm infection is very cheap and like shooting fish in a barrel to care for, and since it requires infected feces to come up into contact with human skin within a particular time period, eradicating hookworm is mainly a matter of hygiene (including the building of proper toilet and waste material-disposal facilities) and mass-treatment. In very cold conditions, shoes can provide thermal insulation, protecting against frostbite.

Problems that can develop as a result of someone who has e'er worn shoes going barefoot include calf pain or Achilles tendinitis or plantar fasciitis due to shortening of the Achilles tendon and the pes being underdeveloped, due to regular use of shoes. A careful transition eases or removes symptoms, which rapidly vanish as the foot adapts.^{[53] [54]} Blisters on the feet may occur in the first few weeks of going barefoot, until the skin has become more robust.^[53] Individuals with diabetes or other weather that touch on sensation in the feet are at greater run a risk of injury while barefoot. The American Diabetes Association recommends that diabetics wear shoes and socks at all times.^[55]

Laws [edit]

In the United States, there have been myths that regulations require the wearing of footwear. In the United states of america, during the catamenia of the counterculture motion of the 1960s, business establishments would deny admittance to barefoot hippies arguing that wellness regulations required that shoes be worn.^[56] This led to a belief by many in nonexistent OSHA or local health department regulations preventing people from going to stores, restaurants, and other establishments without shoes. However, those regulations that exist employ simply to employees and not customers.^[57] Specifically, the Usa Occupational Safety and Health Administration requires employers to "ensure that each affected employee uses protective footwear" when there is a danger of foot injuries due to falling or rolling objects, objects piercing the sole of an employee's foot, and where an employee's feet may be exposed to electric hazards.^[58] Additionally, employee footwear, where required by OSHA, must comply with one of the standards described in OSHA's regulations.^[58] State and local laws may dictate when and where an employee must wear shoes.^[58]

Some people speculate that driving barefoot increases the risk of an accident if bare feet slip off the pedals.^[59] It is legal throughout the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom to bulldoze barefoot.^{[59] [threescore] [61]} However, in some US jurisdictions, constabulary officers may ticket a driver for other things if the fact that they were driving barefoot or in flip-flops/high heeled shoes hindered their driving and/or resulted in an accident.

Sports and recreation [edit]

A barefoot woman in a dance studio

There are several recreational activities one tin can participate in while barefoot. Those involved in water sports such equally swimming and water polo almost always participate barefoot due to the difficulty of swimming with footwear.

Other mutual activities performed barefoot include yoga, pilates, hiking, running, driving, water skiing, bear on rugby, soccer, beach volleyball, surfing, tubing, gymnastics, Slacklining, and martial arts. Wrestling can be done barefoot. Although most modern Greco-Roman and WWE wrestlers wear shoes, sumo wrestling, Yağlı güreş (oil or "Turkish" wrestling), and mud wrestling are commonly done while barefoot. Fijian wrestler Jimmy "Superfly" Snuka of the WWE has wrestled barefoot every bit well.^[63] American football game is not traditionally a barefoot sport, though several placekickers accept preferred to boot barefoot, including Tony Franklin of the Philadelphia Eagles and Rich Karlis of the Denver Broncos.^{[64] [65]} The two schools of thought involved in barefoot placekicking were that the lack of a shoe provided the kicker with a better "feel" for the brawl and greater control over its trajectory. The 2d theory is that shoes and socks absorbed kinetic energy, and kicking flesh-to-leather created more torque.^[66]

Hiking [edit]

People of all ages all over the globe can participate in barefoot hiking, gathering for walks through forest and hiking trails sans footwear. Barefoot hikers claim that they feel a sense of communion with the earth and enjoy the sheer pleasure of feeling more of the world with their feet.^[67] There are several clubs throughout North America practicing regular barefoot hikes, including the Barefoot Hikers of Minnesota, Seattle Barefoot Hikers, East Bay Barefoot Hikers, the Barefoot Hikers and Grass Walkers of Greater Kansas Metropolis, and the Barefoot Hikers of Connecticut.^{[67] [68] [69]} This is in office also undertaken to exist reminiscent of former slaves, who were frequently forced to remain barefoot at all times (meet to a higher place).^{[70] [71]} Two sisters, Lucy and Susan Letcher, hiked approximately 2-thirds of the two,175-mile (3,500 km) Appalachian Trail barefoot from June 21, 2000, to October 3, 2001.^{[72] [73]} On November 12, 2010, 2,500 people in Mahabubnagar, India, participated in a barefoot walk, which was recognized by Guinness World Records as the earth'south largest.^[74]

In European nations, including Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Republic of hungary, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom, at that place are barefoot parks or walks.^{[67] [75] [76]} These parks are kept make clean and maintained on a regular basis, and then that barefoot hiking can be done in an environment suitable for people who are habitually shod. Barefoot parks ordinarily include a lot of adventure stations, allowing visitors to experience the feeling of soil textures underfoot; to wade through rivers, mud, brooks, or ponds; and to exercise foot gymnastics, balancing, and climbing. The Barfußpfad (barefoot trail) at Bad Sobernheim in Germany attracts over 100,000 visitors annually and has seen approximately 1 million visitors since its inception in 1999.^[77]

This concept was first developed in the 19th century past Sebastian Kneipp, one of the founders of the Naturopathic medicine move. He believed that applying your feet to a range of natural stimuli would have therapeutic benefits. This is related to the aboriginal practice of reflexology, adept in China for thousands of years for relaxation and to promote longevity.^[78]

Seoul, Republic of korea, has 158 barefoot parks, allowing people to relax in a natural surround.^[79]

Running [edit]

Many leisure and competitive runners have been known to run barefoot, including well-known athletes Zola Budd of South Africa and Abebe Bikila of Ethiopia.^[80] Todd Ragsdale, of Talent, Oregon, set the world record (pending confirmation by Guinness Globe Records) for the longest distance run barefoot on June 5, 2010, as part of the Relay for Life fundraiser for the American Cancer Society. He logged 102 miles (164 km), or 413 laps on the Southward Medford High School rails, barefoot.^[81] The fastest person to run 100 meters (325 anxiety) on ice while barefoot is Nico Surings of Eindhoven, Netherlands, who ran that distance in 17.35 seconds on December viii, 2006.^[82] Laboratory studies suggest that, due to the lack of actress weight on the feet, the energy cost of running barefoot is reduced by four%, resulting in lower oxygen consumption.^[eighty] There is evidence that wearing traditional shoes while running leads to heel strike gait that, in plow, leads to higher impact likewise every bit a greater gamble of injury.^[1] Barefoot running encourages the runner to switch to forefoot strike and may reduce the run a risk of knee damage.

Barefoot running can be dangerous, especially to runners who do non fairly set up or give their anxiety fourth dimension to conform to the new style. Many injuries are possible, such as injuries to the Achilles tendon or plantar fascia, or stress fractures in the metatarsal basic or lower leg. Barefoot runners who do not set up their bodies could provide, "a stimulus programme for podiatrists, orthopedists, and physical therapists".^[83]

The official position on barefoot running past the American Podiatric Medical Association states that in that location is not enough research on the immediate- and long-term benefits of the practice and that individuals should consult a podiatrist with a strong background in sports medicine to make an informed decision on all aspects of their running and training programs.^[84]

1 alternative to barefoot running is to wear sparse-soled shoes with minimal padding, such as moccasins, plimsolls, or huaraches, which event in similar gait to going barefoot just protect the pare and keep dirt and water off.^[85] Some mod shoe manufacturers have recently designed footwear to maintain optimum flexibility while providing a minimum corporeality of protection. Such shoes include the shoes fabricated by Vibram FiveFingers,^{[86] [87]} Vivobarefoot,^[88] and Nike's Nike Free shoes.^[89] Sales of minimalist running shoes have grown into a US$1.7 billion industry. Sales of Vibram FiveFingers alone grew from Us$450,000 in 2006 to U.s.a.$50 million in 2011.^[ninety]

H2o skiing [edit]

Barefoot skiing originated in Winter Haven, Florida, in 1947, when slalom skier A.G. Hancock tried to step off his ski.^[91] The same year, in Cypress Gardens, Florida, competitive skier Richard Downing Pope, Jr., became well known in the sport of barefoot skiing.^[92] The kickoff barefoot skiing competition was held three years afterwards, at the 1950 Cypress Gardens Dixie Championships.^[93] In 1978, skiers from x nations competed in the first World Barefoot Championships in Canberra, Commonwealth of australia. The same yr, the American Barefoot Club (ABC) was formed, which governs competitive barefoot skiing events in the Us.^[91]

Skateboarding [edit]

Early skateboarders rode barefoot, preferring pes-to-board contact and emulating surfing moves.^{[94] [95] [96]} The plastic penny board is intended to be ridden barefoot, and Penny Skateboards have promoted the riding of the board barefoot by selling T-shirts and stickers.^{[97] [98]} They have too posted social media posts encouraging barefoot riding,^{[99] [100]} particularly in summertime.^[101] The Hamboard, a surfboard style lath, is besides intended to be ridden barefoot. Barefoot skateboarding has been witnessing a revival in recent times.^[102] Many modern skateboarders skate barefoot, especially in summertime and in warmer countries like Commonwealth of australia, South Africa, and parts of S America.

American football game [edit]

Until the 1980's, a significant minority of placekickers in American football competed barefoot, although a "barefoot" kicker always wore a shoe on his non-kicking foot. Some kickers believed they could control their kicks meliorate with their feet than they could wearing kicking cleats of the fourth dimension period. Other kickers had trouble hitting the football's "sweet spot" wearing their issued uniform cleats.

Eventually, barefoot kicking brutal out of favor as the connected ascent of the National Football League as a big money sport eventually created a market for shoe companies to create an athletic shoe designed for kickers. Moreover, kicking a ball barefoot poses an undue adventure for a potentially season-catastrophe toe injury.

The terminal full-fourth dimension barefoot kicker in the NFL was Rich Karlis, who played until 1990.

The terminal barefoot field goal was a kick past Jeff Wilkins on October 20, 2002.

Encounter also [edit]

• Sole (foot)
• Ötzi
• Barefoot doctor
• Barefoot in the Park (moving-picture show)
• Colton Harris-Moore (also known as the "Barefoot Bandit")

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b c} Lieberman, D. E.; Venkadesan, 1000.; Werbel, W. A.; Daoud, A. I.; d'Andrea, Southward.; Davis, I. S.; Mang'Eni, R. O.; Pitsiladis, Y. (2010). "Foot strike patterns and standoff forces in habitually barefoot versus shod runners". Nature. 463 (7280): 531–35. Bibcode:2010Natur.463..531L. doi:10.1038/nature08723. PMID 20111000. S2CID 216420.
2. ^ "Biomechanical Differences Between Different Foot Strikes". Biomechanics of Foot Strikes & Applications to Running Barefoot or in Minimal Footwear. Daniel Lieberman. Retrieved April xi, 2018.
3. ^ "Unearthing the First Spartan Boys where not allowed to wear shoes to toughen their feet and allow stronger dexterity in their toes Olympics". npr.org. NPR. July xix, 2004. Archived from the original on July 28, 2010. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
4. ^ ^{a b} Frazine, Richard Keith (1993). The Barefoot Hiker. Ten Speed Press. p. 98. ISBN0-89815-525-8.
5. ^ Newman, Ruth I. (December 22, 2002). "Ozarks Women: Ignorant, Barefoot, and Pregnant?". West River Valley Historical Quarterly . Retrieved June 29, 2010.
6. ^ Hashinger, Edward H. (1961). "Arthur Eastward. Hertzler: The Kansas Horse-and-Buggy Dr.". California Medicine. University of Kansas Press. 95 (3): 204. PMC1574475.
7. ^ Peck, Joseph H. (May 21, 1958). "It's All Right to Go along Her Happy, But, Men, Don't Do Her Chores". Eugene Annals-Baby-sit.
8. ^ ^{a b c d} DeMello, Margo (2009). Feet and Footwear: A Cultural Encyclopedia. Macmillan. pp. 30–32. ISBN978-0-313-35714-5.
9. ^ "Mayo Mountain Rescue Squad appeal to pilgrims for condom on holy mountain". Castlebar News. July 24, 2006. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
10. ^ "Barefoot Bush pays tribute to Mahatma". The Times of Bharat. March three, 2006. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
11. ^ "Flavour of the shoeless". The Australian . Retrieved Nov 27, 2015.
12. ^ James, Steve (July 8, 2019). "Commonwealth of australia walk barefoot around Edgbaston to create 'positive energy' before Globe Cup semi-concluding with England". The Times.
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Bibliography [edit]

• Saidel, Rochelle G. (2006). The Jewish Women of Ravensbrück Concentration Army camp. Terrace Books. ISBN978-0299198640 . Retrieved March 26, 2013.

External links [edit]

• Media related to Barefoot park at Wikimedia Commons

jacksonbeetch75.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barefoot

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